A Novel Approach to Coal Gasification Using Chemically Incorporated Catalysts - Phase II. Final Report

Part 1, Report, 4.24 MB
Summary			i
	Project History and Background		i
	Justification		i
	Present Status		ii
	Treatment		ii
	Hydrogasification		iii
	Steam/Oxygen Gasification		v
	Process Potential		vi
Table of Contents			vii
Introduction			1
Program Objectives			2
	Catalytic Coal Treatment		2
	Direct Hydrogasification		2
	Steam/Oxygen and Steam Gasification		3
	Process Analysis		3
Catalytic Treatment			4
	Background		4
	Process Development History		4
	Treatment Concept		5
Experimental System and Procedure			7
	BTC Treatment		7
	Physical Testing		7
	Gasification		7
Process Variables			9
	Catalyst Concentration		11
	Temperature		16
	Particle Size		26
	Pressure		26
	Slurry Percent Solids		29
	Residence Time		29
Treatment Specifications			36
	Illinois No. 6 Coal		37
	Eastern Interior Coals		40
	Appalachian Coals		42
Direct Gasification of BTC			44
	Introduction		44
	Objective		45
Experimental System and Procedure			46
Experimental Conditions			48
	Hydrogasification of BTC (First Stage)		48
	Hydrogasification of Char (Second Stage)		48
Experimental Results			49
	First Stage Operation (Hydrogasification of BTC)		49
	Second Stage Operation (Hydrogasification of Char)		59
Direct Hydrogasification Reactor Concept			66
Steam-Oxygen Gasification			68
	Introduction		68
	Objective		69
	Experimental System and Procedure		69
	Experimental Conditions		72
	Experimental Results		73
		Agglomeration	73
		Gaseous Yields	74
		Carbon Conversion	74
		Liquid Product Yield	75
		Oxygen Consumption	75
	Interpretation		75
Hydropyrolysis			79
	Introduction		79
	Objective		79
	Experimental Conditions		80
Experimental Results			81
	Agglomeration		81
	Carbon Conversion		81
	Liquid Products		83
	Interpretation		86
	Process Concepts		86
Process Analysis			88
	Introduction		88
	Integrated SNG Process Concept		89
		Battelle Two-Stage direct Hydrogasification Process	89
		Comparison with Simulated cities service/Rockwell (CS-R) Flash Pyrolysis Process	93
		EEA’s Evaluation	97
		BTC Steam/Oxygen Gasification	102
	Integrated SNG/Gasoline Process Concept		105
		Battelle Hydrogasification Process	107
		Hydropyrolysis Process	112
		Comparison with Lurgi-Mobil Combination	114
		Comparison with Texaco-Mobil Process	118
Conclusions and Recommendations			121
	Catalytic coal treatment		121
	Direct Hydrogasification		122
	Steam/Oxygen Gasification		123
References			124
Part 2, Appendices A - F, 5.07
A	Experimental Apparatus, Test Conditions, and Results of Catalytic Coal Treatment.		A-1, 6
		Experimental Apparatus	A-1, 6
		Batch Treatment Equipment	A-1, 6
		Continuous Coal Preparation Pilot Plant	A-1, 6
		Batch-Solids Fluid-Bed Gasifier	A-1, 9
	Thermobalance (TGA)		A-6, 11
		Development of an Agglomeration Index (AI)	A-9
Test Conditions			A-10
B	Direct Hydrogasification		B-1, 44
C	Summary of Test Runs for Hydrogasification of BTC		C-1, 59
D	Summary of Test Runs for Hydrogasification of Char		D-1
E	Summary of Steam/O2 Gasification Runs		E-1
F	Process Analysis		F-1 127