Disclaimer

i

Abstract

ii

Executive Summary

v

1

Introduction

1

1.1

Phase I Organization

2

1.2

Phase I Tasks and Schedule

3

2.

Experimental

6

2.1

Reid Plant Boiler Specifications

6

2.2

Reid Plant Boiler Data

8

2.3

Review of Poultry Litter Supply

9

2.4

Fuel Characterization

10

2.5

Gasifier Sizing

11

2.5.1

Prime energy Gasifier

11

2.5.2

Gasifier Material and Energy Balance [3]

12

2.5.3

Gasifier Boiler Integration

14

2.6

Solids Handling Systems

15

2.7

Permit Issues

16

2.8

Fuel Contracts

17

2.9

Equipment Layout

20

2.10

Equipment Layout

20

3

Results and Discussion

21

3.1

Gasifier Sizing

21

3.2

Gasifier Plant Layout

21

3.3

Liter Storage and Handling

21

3.4

Boiler-Gasifier Integration

24

3.5

Gasifier Ash Disposal

24

3.6

Environmental

24

3.6.1

Environmental Emissions

24

3.6.2

Comparison of Coal Combustion v/s Litter Gasification

25

3.7

Economic Analysis

26

3.7.1

Energy Benefits and Impacts

30

3.7.2

Environmental Benefits and Impacts

30

4

Conclusions

33

References

34

List of Acronyms and Abbreviations

35

Appendices

36