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Development of Improved Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts for Production of Liquid Fuels - 1977

Madon, R. J.
Bucker, E. R.
Taylor, W. F.

Exxon Research and Engineering Company

Table of Contents 229kb

    Forward i
Acknowledgement ii
Abstract iii
Nomenclature and Some Conversion Factors iv
Table of Contents v
List of Tables vii
List of Figures xi
Section 1
739kb
Summary 1

1

Introduction 3

2

Experimental 6
 

2.1

The Fischer-Tropsch Catalyst Test Unit 6

2.2

Analytical Procedures 9

2.3

Catalysts 10

2.4

Reproducibility of Results 12

2.5

Transport Phenomena 16
Section 2
425kb

3

Catalyst Evaluation

28
 

3.1

Precipitated Cobalt-based Catalyst 28
 

3.1.1

Catalyst Pre-treatment and Sulfiding 28

3.1.2

Experiments Performed 29

3.1.3

Results and Discussion 30

3.1.4

Summary 41

3.2

Precipitated Iron-based Catalyst

42
 

3.2.1

Catalyst Pre-treatment and Sulfiding 42

3.2.2

Experiments Performed 43
Section 3
412kb

3.2.3

Results and Discussion 44

3.2.4

Summary 63

3.3

Cobalt-Molybdenum Catalysts

64
 

3.3.1

Catalyst Pre-Treatment and Sulfiding 66
Section 4
542kb

3.3.2

Experiments Performed 66

3.3.3

Results and Discussion 79

3.3.4

Summary

3.4

Molybdenum Disulfide Promoted with KOH

81
 

3.4.1

Catalyst Pre-Treatment and Sulfiding 81

3.4.2

Experiments Performed 81

3.4.3

Results and Discussion 81

3.4.4

Summary 87

3.5

Tungsten-Based Catalysts

88
 

3.5.1

Catalyst Pre-Treatment and Sulfiding 88
Section 5
614kb

3.5.2

Experiments Performed 90

3.5.3

Results and Discussion 90

3.5.4

Summary 95

3.6

Alumina Supported Ruthenium Catalysts

96
 

3.6.1

Catalyst Pre-Treatment and Sulfiding 96

3.6.2

Experiments Performed and Comments on the Reproducibility of Results 98

3.6.3

Results and Discussion 100

3.6.4

Summary 111
Section 6
535kb

4

General Discussion 114

5

Recommendations 120

Appendix

A

Summary of Past Research on Sulfur Effects on Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts 128

B

Measurement of Gas Flow Into the Reactors 132

C

Sample Calculation for the Reproducibility of Results 134
Section 7
1706kb

D

Experimental Conditions and Results 135
Section 8
353kb

E

Composition of Condensed Hydrocarbon Products 222

F

Comparative Summary of Catalytic Test Results 246