DOE/METC/SP-188

Distribution Category UC-90C

MORGANTOWN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CENTER

TOPICAL REPORT

ADVANCED GASIFICATION PROJECTS

Advanced Gasification Section

Gasification Projects Branch

Coal Projects Management Division

This overview report, covering the period October 1,1980, to September

30, 1981, prepared by Morgantown Energy Technology Center staff,

describes the current status of advanced gasification projects and includes

an appendix that provides summary descriptions of individual projects.

February 1982

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

Morgantown Energy Technology Center

Morgantown, WV 26505

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

1.0 Introduction 1

2.0 Technology Needs for Development of Coal Gasification 1

3.0 Support of Gasification Technology Needs 1

4.0 Discussion of Projects and Relationships in Gasification Data Base 2

4.1 Novel Gasification Concepts/Chemistries/Processes 4

4.1.1 Beacon Concepts/Technology, TRW 4

4.1.2 Advanced Concepts, METC 4

4.1.3 Hydropyrolysis, BNL 4

4.1.4 Support Studies, IGT 4

4.1.5 Electrolytic Hydrogen, BNL 5

4.1.6 Photo-Assisted Electrolysis, UNM 5

4.2 Improved Technologies for Gasifiers 5

4.2.1 Entrained-Bed Gasification 5

4.2.1.1 Characterization, BYU 5

4.2.2 Fluid-Bed Gasification 5

4.2.2.1 Tri-Gas, BCR 5

4.2.2.2 Cold Model, PETC 5

4.2.3 Modeling 5

4.2.3.1 Computer Model, S3 5

4.2.3.2 Computer Model, JAYCOR 5

4.2.3.3 Riser Modeling, ERT 6

4.2.3.4 Solids Circulation, Kansas State 6

4.2.3.5 Analytical Modeling, University of Houston 6

4.2.3.6 Entrained Gasification, BYU 6

4.2.3.7 Gasification Reactions, A FR 6

4.2.3.8 Jet Penetration and Mixing, U. Massachusetts 6

4.2.3.9 Moving-Bed Dynamic Model, Washington University 6

4.2.3.10 ASPEN Technology, MIT 7

4.2.4 Catalytic Gasification 7

4.2.4.1 Catalytic Enhancement, Columbia Gas 7

4.2.4.2 Catalysis Mechanisms, GE 7

4.2.4.3 Catalysis Mechanisms, SRI 7

4.2.4.4 Catalysis Mechanisms, Rockwell 7

4.2.4.5 Incorporated Catalysts, BCL 7

4.2.4.6 Catalytic Effects, Sandia 8

4.2.4.7 Catalytic Gasification, PETC 8

4.2.4.8 Catalytic Conversion, LANL 8

4.2.5 Gasification Support Studies 8

4.2.5.1 C/CO2 Reactions, WVU 8

4.2.5.2 Char Gasification, CWRU 8

4.2.5.3 Improved Techniques, CCNY 8

4.2.5.4 Oxidative Pretreatment, University of Pennsylvania 9

4.2.5.5 Coal Gasification, University of Utah 9

4.2.5.6 Particle Structure, Vanderbilt University 9

4.2.5.7 Heterogeneous Kinetics, Brown University 9

4.2.5.8 Solids Flow, PETC 9

4.2.6 Pyrolysis 9

4.2.6.1 Rapid Pyrolysis, MIT 9

4.2.6.2 Kinetics of Pyrolysis, Penn State 9

4.2.6.3 Hydropyrolysis, Princeton University 10

4.2.6.4 Fluid-Bed Pyrolysis, MIT 10

4.3 Gas-Stream Treatment and Processing 10

4.3.1 Novel Acid-Gas Removal 10

4.3.1.1 CNG Process, CNG Research 10

4.3.2 Alkali/Particulate Removal 10

4.3.2.1 Spray Scrubbers, APT 10

4.3.2.2 Laminar Flow Cyclone, GE 10

4.3.2.3 High-Temperature Alkali Removal, Westinghouse 11

4.3.3 Sulfur Removal 11

4.3.3.1 Solid Absorption Process, Battelle NW 11

4.3.3.2 Improved Methods, IGT 11

4.3.4 Tar Conversion 11

4.3.4.1 Catalysts for Reforming, RMP 11

4.3.4.2 Dew Point of Hot Gas, University of California 11

4.3.4.3 Catalytic Cracking, Clark University 12

4.3.4.4 Tar Conversion Over CaO, MIT 12

4.3.4.5 Catalytic Cracking, RTI 12

4.3.4.6 Aromatics Conversion Over CaO, MIT 12

4.3.5 Gas Separation 12

4.3.5.1 Hydrogen/Methane Separation, PETC 12

4.3.5.2 Hydrogen/Methane Separation, SUNY 12

4.3.5.3 Separation Medium-BTU Gas, Dravo 13

4.3.6 Shift/Methanation 13

4.3.6.1 S/M Fluidized Bed, BCR 13

4.3.6.2 Liquid Phase S/M, Chem Systems 13

4.3.7 Support Studies 13

4.3.7.1 Thermodynamic Tables, Dow 13

4.4 Wastewater and Effluent Handling 13

4.4.1 Process Wastewater, PETC 13

4.4.2 Wastewater Treatment, GFETC 13

4.4.3 Wet Oxidation, RTI 14

Appendix A - Advanced Gasification Projects 15

A.1 Novel Gasification Concepts/Chemistries/Processes 15

A.2 Improved Technologies for Gasifiers 22

A.2.1 Improved Technologies for Gasifiers - Entrained-Bed Gasification 22

A.2.2 Improved Technologies for Gasifiers - Fluid-Bed Gasification 23

A.2.3 Improved Technologies for Gasifiers - Modeling 25

A.2.4 Improved Technologies for Gasifiers - Catalytic Gasification 30

A.2.5 Improved Technologies for Gasifiers - Gasification Support Studies 39

A.2.6 Improved Technologies for Gasifiers – Pyrolysis 42

A.3 Gas-Stream Treatment and Processing 44

A.3.1 Gas-Stream Treatment and Processing - Novel Acid-Gas Removal 44

A.3.2 Gas-Stream Treatment and Processing - Alkali/Particulate Removal 45

A.3.3 Gas-Stream Treatment and Processing - Sulfur Removal 47

A.3.4 Gas-Stream Treatment and Processing - Tar Conversion 48

A.3.5 Gas-Stream Treatment and Processing - Gas Separation 51

A.3.6 Gas-Stream Treatment and Processing - Shift/Methanation 53

A.3.7 Gas-Stream Treatment and Processing - Support Studies 55

A.4 Wastewater and Effluent Handling 56

Appendix B - References 59

Appendix C m Glossary of Terms for Abbreviations Used in Section 4.1 Through 4.4 73