| Abstract |
1 |
| Introduction |
2 |
| Description of test fuels |
2 |
| G-C1 - SASOL gasoline |
2 |
| G-T1 - Tar sands naphtha |
3 |
| G-P1 - Commercial leaded, regular
grade gasoline |
3 |
| G-P2 - Commercial unleaded
gasoline |
3 |
| J5-P1 - Petroleum JP-5 |
3 |
| J5-$1 - JP-5 produced from shale
oil |
3 |
| J5-T1 - JP-5 derived from
Athabasca tar sands |
4 |
| J5-CI - JP-5 refined from coal
syncrude produced by the COED process |
4 |
| JA-S2 - Jet A fuel produced from
Paraho shale oil |
4 |
| JA-S3 - Jet A fuel produced from
Paraho shale oil |
4 |
| Fuel properties |
4 |
| 43.3° C Storage stability tests |
7 |
| Acid numbers and viscosities |
7 |
| Accelerated storage test |
12 |
| Thermal oxidation stability
evaluation |
12 |
| Analyses of fuels following
storage tests |
12 |
| Analyses of gum residues
developed during 43.3° C (110° F) 32 week storage tests |
15 |
| Analyses of gum from SASOL
gasoline before storage |
26 |
| Conclusions |
26 |
| Acknowledgements |
27 |
| References |
27 |
| Appendix A - Analytical Methods |
28 |
| Storage stability test at 43.3°C
(110° F) |
28 |
| Cleaning the storage bottles |
28 |
| Aging at 43.3°C (110° F) |
28 |
| Aerating storage samples |
28 |
| Analyzing storage samples |
30 |
| Materials and apparatus |
30 |
| Determining soluble gum |
30 |
| Determining insoluble gum |
32 |
| Determining precipitate |
32 |
| Accelerated storage test at 93.3°
C (200° F) |
32 |
| Cleaning beverage bottles |
32 |
| Aging at 93.3° C |
33 |
| Analyzing aged fuel |
33 |
| Materials and apparatus |
33 |
| Determining soluble gum |
34 |
| Determining insoluble gum |
34 |
| Determining inorganic residue |
34 |
| Method for determining oxygen in
usage of test bottles |
34 |
| Materials and apparatus |
35 |
| Procedure |
35 |
| Calculations |
35 |
| Calculation of predicted 32 week
gum levels |
35 |
| |
| ILLUSTRATIONS |
| Infrared spectra of gum residue
from SASOL gasoline |
17 |
| Infrared spectra of gum residue
from tar sands naphtha |
18 |
| Infrared spectra of gum residue
from petroleum-based gasoline, leaded |
19 |
| Infrared spectra of gum residue
from petroleum-based gasoline, unleaded |
20 |
| Infrared spectra of gum residue
from petroleum-based gasoline, JP-5 |
21 |
| Infrared spectra of gum residue
from shale oil JP-5 |
22 |
| Infrared spectra of gum residue
from tar sands-based kerosene fraction |
23 |
| Infrared spectra of gum residue
from coal-derived JP-5 |
24 |
| Infrared spectra of gum residue
from high nitrogen, shale all Jet A |
25 |
| Filtering assembly |
31 |
| |
| TABLES |
| 1. Properties of gasolines |
5 |
| 2. Gas chromatography analyses of
gasolines |
6 |
| 3. Physical and chemical
properties of JP-5 fuels |
8 |
| 4. Physical and chemical
properties of Jet A fuels |
9 |
| 5. Storage stability test results
at 43.3° C (110° F) |
10 |
| 6. Effect of 43.3° C (110° F)
storage stability tests on acid number and viscosities |
11 |
| 7. Accelerated storage test - 16
hours at 93.3° C (200° F) |
13 |
| 8. JFTOT evaluations by ASTM D
3421 method |
14 |
| 9. X-ray analysis of gum deposits
after 32 weeks storage |
16 |
| 10. Analytical methods used in
this program |
29 |
