| Disclaimer |
ii |
| Abstract |
iii |
| Table of Contents |
iv |
| List of Figures |
vi |
| List of Tables |
vii |
| Executive Summary |
viii |
| |
|
1 |
INTRODUCTION AND
MOTIVATION (408KB) |
1 |
| |
1.1 |
Slurry Bubble Columns Reactors (SBCR) |
2 |
| 1.2 |
Overall Objectives |
3 |
| 1.3 |
Accomplishments During the First Year |
4 |
| 1.4 |
Plan for the Next Year |
4 |
|
2 |
TECHNICAL REVIEW (1.35MB) |
5 |
| |
2.1 |
Variables Affecting Slurry Bubble Column (SBCR)
Performance |
5 |
| 2.2 |
Some aspects of bubble dynamics and hydrodynamic
properties |
7 |
| |
2.2.1 |
Bubble Dynamics |
7 |
|
2.2.2 |
Macroscopic Hydrodynamic |
10 |
| |
2.3 |
Models used for FT reactor performance prediction |
10 |
| 2.4 |
Physical Properties of FT Systems |
13 |
| |
2.4.1 |
Fischer-Tropsch waxes and solvent |
13 |
| 2.4.2 |
Solid Phase (Catalyst) |
17 |
| 3 |
PREPARATION OF THE EXPERIMENTAL FACILITIES AND THE ADVANCED
MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES (1.26MB) |
18 |
| |
3.1 |
High pressure and high temperature 2"
diameter slurry bubble column |
18 |
| 3.2 |
High Pressure 6 inch diameter slurry
bubble column |
19 |
| 3.3 |
Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) |
24 |
| 3.4 |
Laser Dopper Anemometer (LDA) |
24 |
| 3.5 |
Computer Automated Radioactive Particle
Tracking (CARPT) |
27 |
| 3.6 |
Computed Tomography (CT) |
29 |
| 3.7 |
Physical properties measurements
techniques |
32 |
| |
3.7.1 |
Density Measurement |
32 |
| 3.7.2 |
Viscosity measurement |
33 |
| 3.7.3 |
Surface tension measurement |
33 |
| 4 |
SUGGESTED SYSTEM TO BE USED (205KB) |
34 |
| 5 |
PREDICTION OF MASS
TRANSFER COEFFICIENT IN BUBBLE COLUMN OPERATED AT HIGH PRESSURE
BASED ON ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE DATA (1.01MB) |
36 |
| |
5.1 |
Procedure development |
36 |
| 5.2 |
Comparison of model prediction and
experimental data |
38 |
| 5.3 |
Summary |
39 |
| 5.4 |
Nomenclature |
41 |
| 6 |
REFERENCES |
41 |
|
APPENDIX A (5.65MB) |
47 |
| |
| LIST OF FIGURES |
| Figure 1.1 |
Slurry bubble column and the integrated effects of phase mixing
and transport on the reactor design and scale-up |
2 |
| Figure 2.1 |
Variables that affect SBCR performance |
6 |
| Figure 3.1 |
Schematic diagram for high pressure and high temperature slurry
bubble column |
20 |
| Figure 3.2 |
Photo of high pressure and high temperature 2 inch diameter
slurry bubble column |
21 |
| Figure 3.3 |
Gas flowsheet for the high pressure 6 inch diameter bubble
column |
22 |
| Figure 3.4 |
High pressure bubble column (probe measurement variation) design |
23 |
| Figure 3.5 |
Schematic diagram of PIV system |
25 |
| Figure 3.6 |
Laser Dopper Anemometer Setup |
26 |
| Figure 3.7 |
Transmitting optics applied on traverse system |
26 |
| Figure 3.8 |
Configuration of the CARPT experimental setup |
28 |
| Figure 3.9 |
Time and azimuthally averaged axial velocity and shear stress
radial profiles |
28 |
| Figure 3.10 |
Configuration of the CT experimental setup (Kumar, 1994) |
29 |
| Figure 3.11 |
Density measurement apparatus setup |
32 |
| Figure 3.12 |
Viscosity measurement apparatus setup |
33 |
| Figure 3.13 |
Surface tension measurement apparatus setup |
34 |
| Figure 5.1 |
Comparison of model prediction and experimental data of Letzel
(1999) |
39 |
| Figure 5.2 |
Comparison of model prediction and experimental data by Kojima
(1997) |
40 |
| Figure 5.3 |
Comparison of predicted kLa and observed kLa |
40 |
| |
| LIST OF TABLES |
| Table 2.1 |
Summary of models for prediction of the Fischer-Tropsch process
performance |
13 |
| Table 2.2 |
The Physical Properties of Fischer Tropsch |
15 |
| Table 2.3 |
Temperature-Independent Parameters for Properties of n-Paraffins |
17 |
| Table 2.4 |
Temperature-Dependent Parameters for Properties of n-Paraffins |
17 |
| Table 4.1 |
Range of FT waxes properties used |
34 |
